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Cervical Cancer

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer begins in the cervix; the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It often starts with precancerous changes called dysplasia, which can be detected early with screening tests like the Pap smear. Most cases are linked to long-term infection with high-risk strains of HPV (human papillomavirus)

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Cervical Cancer Types

  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma (90%)

    Develops from squamous cells covering the outer cervix

  • Adenocarcinoma

    Develops from glandular cells that produce mucus within the cervix.

  • Mixed Carcinoma

    Has elements of both squamous and glandular cells.

Cervical Cancer Symptoms

  • Vaginal bleeding after intercourse Bleeding between periods or after menopause Heavier or longer periods than usual

What’s Notable

Early cervical cancer may not show any symptoms at all.

Many symptoms mimic common infections - don't ignore changes that persist

When to Seek Help

If bleeding or discharge patterns feel “off” or symptoms last beyond 2 weeks, consult a gynecologist. Early-stage cervical cancer is highly treatable.

Cervical Cancer Causes & Risk Factors

HPV Infection

Nearly all cervical cancers are caused by high-risk HPV strains, especially HPV-16 and HPV-18

Immunocompromised State

HIV or long-term steroid use can increase susceptibility

LIfestyle

Obesity(post-menopause), alcohol, smoking, inactivity, poor diet

Smoking

Weakens cervical cell immunity and doubles cancer risk

Multiple Sexual Partners

Increases exposure risk to HPV, thereby increasing risk of getting cervical cancer

Cervical Cancer Diagnosis

Cervical Cancer Treatment

Chemotherapy

Purpose:

Kills rapidly growing cervical cancer cells throughout the body.

Common drugs:

Cisplatin (standard), Carboplatin (used when cisplatin isn't tolerated)

Side effects:

Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, low blood counts

Targeted Therapy

Purpose:

Blocks cancer growth by targeting specific proteins

Common drug:

Bevacizumab (anti-angiogenic)

Side effects:

High blood pressure, bleeding risks, headaches

Immunotherapy

Purpose:

Boosts the immune system to fight cancer

Used for:

Advanced or PD-L1+ cervical cancers

Common drug:

Pembrolizumab

Side effects:

Fatigue, skin rash, inflammation of organs

Cervical Cancer Stages

Also known as carcinoma in situ, this stage is non-invasive.

Abnormal cells are confined to the lining of the cervix and have not spread deeper.

Includes cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3 or carcinoma in situ.

Highly treatable and considered pre-cancerous.

Management & Prevention

  • Follow Up Care

    Regular pelvic exams and scans to monitor for recurrence.

  • Hormonal Health

    Managing symptoms of early menopause with lifestyle changes or hormone therapy when appropriate.

  • Sexual Health Support

    Physical therapy and counseling to address intimacy or vaginal changes post-treatment.

Why Choose Everhope For Cervical Cancer?

At Everhope Oncology, we believe that cervical cancer is not merely an illness—it's an individual experience. With our experienced diagnostics, caring attention, and innovative therapies, we're committed to walking with you every step of the way toward healing and hope.

660K+

cases globally in 2022

350K+

deaths worldwide — 94% in low- and middle-income countries

127K+

new cases in India in 2022

Explore Our Latest Updates

FAQs on Cervical Cancer

No question is too small when it comes to your care

Early warning signs of cervical cancer often begin subtly and can include unusual vaginal bleeding (between periods, after intercourse, or post-menopause), persistent or foul-smelling vaginal discharge, pain during sexual activity, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, and changes in menstrual cycles that are longer or heavier than usual. In advanced stages, symptoms like swelling of the legs, frequent urination, and fatigue may also occur

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