Diagnosis5 min read
बायोप्सी टेस्ट (Biopsy Test) in Hindi: कैसे किया जाता है और क्यों जरूरी है
Dr. Vrundali Kannoth
+917795060087
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Skin Cancer
What is Skin Cancer?
Skin Cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells, most commonly due to excessive sun exposure. It usually develops on sun-exposed areas but can occur anywhere on the body. With early detection and proper treatment, most skin cancers are highly treatable
Skin Cancer Types
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
•The most frequent type, BCC increases slowly and won't spread often. It tends to look like a shiny bump or sore that doesn't heal, usually on sun-exposed skin such as the face or neck.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
•SCC will show itself as a red, scaly spot, open sore, or elevated growth. If untreated, it may spread and tends to occur on frequently exposed areas to UV radiation.
•The most lethal form, melanoma arises in cells that produce pigment. It may spread to other organs quickly. It usually resembles an evolving mole or pigmented spot with notched borders.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
•A rare and vicious cancer that presents as a firm, painless nodule on sun-damaged skin. It tends to grow rapidly and may metastasize to lymph nodes or other places.
Cutaneous Lymphoma
•A very uncommon lymphocyte cancer of the skin that develops as red plaques or patches that might look like eczema or psoriasis.
Skin Cancer Symptoms
- •One half of a mole or spot doesn't match the other half in shape, size, or appearance
What’s Notable
Most common cancer worldwide, especially among fair-skinned populations.
Main types include basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma.
Melanoma can be fatal, but early detection greatly improves survival.
When to Seek Help
Consult a dermatologist immediately if you notice any new, changing, or unusual spots on your skin, especially those showing asymmetry, irregular borders, color variations, or bleeding.
Skin Cancer Causes & Risk Factors
UV Radiation Exposure
Prolonged outdoor activities without adequate protection, especially during peak hours between 10 AM and 4 PM
Family History
Genetic predisposition through inherited mutations increases likelihood of developing skin cancer
Excessive Moles
Having more than 50 moles or atypical moles increases melanoma risk substantially
Weakened Immune System
Immunocompromised conditions or medications reduce the body's ability to fight cancerous cell changes
Age
Risk increases with age, particularly after 50, due to cumulative sun damage over time
Occupational Hazards
Work-related exposure to chemicals, radiation, or prolonged outdoor conditions increases vulnerability
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Rare inherited condition preventing proper DNA repair from UV damage creates extremely high risk
Skin Cancer Diagnosis
Initial Symptoms & Check-up
Step 1: Initial Check-Up
(If you spot a suspicious skin change)
What happens: Your doctor will:
- Inspect any moles, spots, or sores for shape, color, and changes.
- Ask about when you first noticed the change and if it’s grown, itched, or bled.
- Review your personal and family skin cancer history.
Your role: Point out any new, changing, or unusual spots—even if they seem small or harmless.
Skin Cancer Treatment & Therapy
Chemotherapy
What it does:
Uses drugs to attack rapidly dividing cancer cells.
Treated for:
Rarely for common skin cancers, reserved for advanced situations.
Side effects:
Nausea, hair loss, infection risk.
Recovery:
Related to course length and drugs used.
Targeted Therapy
What it does :
Precisely blocks molecules/signals that cancer cells need to grow.
Treated for:
Advanced melanoma with specific genetic changes.
Side effects:
Skin rash, joint pain, fatigue.
Recovery:
Oral or IV drugs, response checked with scans; side effects managed during long-term use.
Immunotherapy
What it does:
Uses medications to boost the immune system to attack cancer cells throughout the body.
Used for:
Advanced melanoma or squamous cell carcinoma that has spread.
Side effects:
Fatigue, rash, rare immune complications.
Recovery:
Ongoing treatment, regular monitoring.
Management & Prevention
Wound Care
•Follow doctor’s guidance to keep the surgical site clean, dry, and protected from sun exposure.
•Apply prescribed ointments and change dressings as needed for proper healing.
Activity Restrictions
•Limit strenuous movement and stretching near the wound for as long as advised, gradually resuming normal activities as allowed by your surgeon
Sun Protection
•Avoid direct sunlight on healing areas and use broad-spectrum sunscreen after recovery to protect new skin and lower recurrence risk.
Skin Cancer Types
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
•The most frequent type, BCC increases slowly and won't spread often. It tends to look like a shiny bump or sore that doesn't heal, usually on sun-exposed skin such as the face or neck.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
•SCC will show itself as a red, scaly spot, open sore, or elevated growth. If untreated, it may spread and tends to occur on frequently exposed areas to UV radiation.
•The most lethal form, melanoma arises in cells that produce pigment. It may spread to other organs quickly. It usually resembles an evolving mole or pigmented spot with notched borders.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
•A rare and vicious cancer that presents as a firm, painless nodule on sun-damaged skin. It tends to grow rapidly and may metastasize to lymph nodes or other places.
Cutaneous Lymphoma
•A very uncommon lymphocyte cancer of the skin that develops as red plaques or patches that might look like eczema or psoriasis.
Skin Cancer Symptoms
- •One half of a mole or spot doesn't match the other half in shape, size, or appearance
What’s Notable
Most common cancer worldwide, especially among fair-skinned populations.
Main types include basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma.
Melanoma can be fatal, but early detection greatly improves survival.
When to Seek Help
Consult a dermatologist immediately if you notice any new, changing, or unusual spots on your skin, especially those showing asymmetry, irregular borders, color variations, or bleeding.
Skin Cancer Causes & Risk Factors
UV Radiation Exposure
Prolonged outdoor activities without adequate protection, especially during peak hours between 10 AM and 4 PM
Family History
Genetic predisposition through inherited mutations increases likelihood of developing skin cancer
Excessive Moles
Having more than 50 moles or atypical moles increases melanoma risk substantially
Weakened Immune System
Immunocompromised conditions or medications reduce the body's ability to fight cancerous cell changes
Age
Risk increases with age, particularly after 50, due to cumulative sun damage over time
Occupational Hazards
Work-related exposure to chemicals, radiation, or prolonged outdoor conditions increases vulnerability
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Rare inherited condition preventing proper DNA repair from UV damage creates extremely high risk
Skin Cancer Diagnosis
Initial Symptoms & Check-up
Step 1: Initial Check-Up
(If you spot a suspicious skin change)
What happens: Your doctor will:
- Inspect any moles, spots, or sores for shape, color, and changes.
- Ask about when you first noticed the change and if it’s grown, itched, or bled.
- Review your personal and family skin cancer history.
Your role: Point out any new, changing, or unusual spots—even if they seem small or harmless.
Skin Cancer Treatment & Therapy
Chemotherapy
What it does:
Uses drugs to attack rapidly dividing cancer cells.
Treated for:
Rarely for common skin cancers, reserved for advanced situations.
Side effects:
Nausea, hair loss, infection risk.
Recovery:
Related to course length and drugs used.
Targeted Therapy
What it does :
Precisely blocks molecules/signals that cancer cells need to grow.
Treated for:
Advanced melanoma with specific genetic changes.
Side effects:
Skin rash, joint pain, fatigue.
Recovery:
Oral or IV drugs, response checked with scans; side effects managed during long-term use.
Immunotherapy
What it does:
Uses medications to boost the immune system to attack cancer cells throughout the body.
Used for:
Advanced melanoma or squamous cell carcinoma that has spread.
Side effects:
Fatigue, rash, rare immune complications.
Recovery:
Ongoing treatment, regular monitoring.
Management & Prevention
Wound Care
•Follow doctor’s guidance to keep the surgical site clean, dry, and protected from sun exposure.
•Apply prescribed ointments and change dressings as needed for proper healing.
Activity Restrictions
•Limit strenuous movement and stretching near the wound for as long as advised, gradually resuming normal activities as allowed by your surgeon
Sun Protection
•Avoid direct sunlight on healing areas and use broad-spectrum sunscreen after recovery to protect new skin and lower recurrence risk.
Why Choose Everhope Skin Cancer?
At Everhope, our experts support your proactive care with advanced treatment — guiding you with knowledge, hope, and healing.
~100K
new cases are diagnosed everyday in the US
17th
most prevalent cancer in the world.
330K
new skin cancers in 2022
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No question is too small when it comes to your care
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